Clover Todd( m. 1920; her death 1974)Children3EducationAllen Welsh Dulles (; April 7, 1893 – January 29, 1969) was an American and who became the first civilian (DCI), and its longest-serving director to date. As head of the (CIA) during the early, he oversaw the, the, the aircraft program, the mind control program and the. He was dismissed by over the latter fiasco.Dulles was one of the members of the investigating the. Between his stints of government service, Dulles was a corporate lawyer and partner at.His older brother, was the during the and is the namesake of. CIA ID Card of Allen DullesDCI Smith recruited Dulles to oversee the agency's covert operations as Deputy Director for Plans, a position he held from January 4, 1951. On August 23, 1951, Dulles was promoted to Deputy Director of Central Intelligence, second in the intelligence hierarchy. After the election of Dwight Eisenhower in 1952, Bedell Smith shifted to the Department of State and Dulles became the first civilian Director of Central Intelligence.The Agency's covert operations were an important part of the 's new policy known as the 'New Look'.At Dulles' request, President Eisenhower demanded that discontinue issuing against the CIA.
In March 1950, McCarthy had initiated a series of investigations into potential subversion of the Agency. Although none of the investigations revealed any wrongdoing, the hearings were potentially damaging, not only to the CIA's reputation but also to the security of sensitive information. Documents made public in 2004 revealed that the CIA, under Dulles' orders, had broken into McCarthy's Senate office and fed disinformation to him in order to discredit him, in order to stop his investigation of communist infiltration of the CIA.In the early 1950s, the conducted a competition for a new photo reconnaissance aircraft. 's submitted a design number called the CL-282, which married sailplane-like wings to the body of a supersonic interceptor. This aircraft was rejected by the Air Force, but several of the civilians on the review board took notice, and presented a proposal for the aircraft to Dulles.
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The aircraft became what is known as the 'spy plane', and it was initially operated by CIA pilots. Its introduction into operational service in 1957 greatly enhanced the CIA's ability to monitor activity through overhead photo surveillance. The aircraft eventually entered service with the Air Force.
The Soviet Union in 1960 during Dulles' term as CIA chief.Dulles is considered one of the essential creators of the modern United States intelligence system and was an indispensable guide to clandestine operations during the Cold War. He established intelligence networks worldwide to check and counter Soviet and eastern European communist advances as well as international communist movements. Coup in Iran In 1953, Dulles was involved, along within, the covert operation that led to the removal of democratically elected prime minister of, and his replacement with, Shah of Iran. Rumors of a Soviet takeover of the country had surfaced due to the nationalization of the. British diplomat had proposed the idea of a to President Eisenhower to try to regain British control of the oil company. Coup in Guatemala President of was removed in 1954 in a CIA-led coup carried out under the code name.described Dulles as a former member of the United Fruit Company's Board of Directors.
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However in a detailed examination of the connections between the United Fruit Company and the Eisenhower Administration, Immerman makes no mention of Dulles being part of the United Fruit Company's Board, although he does note that Sullivan & Cromwell had represented the company. Bay of Pigs Several failed assassination plots utilizing CIA-recruited operatives and anti-Castro Cubans directly against Castro undermined the CIA's credibility. The reputation of the agency and its director declined drastically after the fiasco.
Appropriation and Subversion: Precommunist Literacy, Communist Party Saturation, and Postcommunist Democratic Outcomes. Rather than regarding precommunist education as a source of latent resistance to communism, the authorshighlight the Leninist regime’s successful appropriation of the more literate strata of the precommunist orders.
President Kennedy reportedly said he wanted to 'splinter the CIA into a thousand pieces and scatter it into the winds.' However, following a 'rigorous inquiry into the agency's affairs, methods, and problems. Kennedy did not 'splinter' it after all and did not recommend Congressional supervision.' Dismissal. Kennedy presents the National Security Medal to Dulles, November 28, 1961.During the Administration, Dulles faced increasing criticism. In autumn 1961, following the and against, Dulles and his entourage, including and Deputy Director, were forced to resign.
On November 28, 1961, Kennedy presented Dulles with the at the CIA Headquarters in. The next day, November 29, the White House released a resignation letter signed by Dulles. Later life On November 29, 1963, President appointed Dulles as one of seven commissioners of the to investigate the. The appointment was later criticized by some historians, who have noted that Kennedy had fired him, and he was therefore unlikely to be impartial in passing the judgments charged to the Warren Commission. Dulles, Allen; (1936). Can We Be Neutral?
New York:. Dulles, Allen; (1939). Can America Stay Neutral?
New York:. Dulles, Allen (1947). Germany's Underground. P. 207. Dulles, Allen; Wala, Michael (1993). The Marshall Plan.
Providence, RI: Berg. Dulles, Allen; Petersen, Neal H. From Hitler's Doorstep: The Wartime Intelligence Reports of Allen Dulles, 1942–1945. University Park, PA:. Dulles, Allen (2000).
Germany's Underground; with a new introduction by Peter Hoffmann. New York:.
Dulles, Allen (2004). The Secret Surrender: The Classic Insider's Account of the Secret Plot to Surrender Northern Italy During WWII. Guilford, CT:. Dulles, Allen (1963). Guilford, CT:. Grose, Peter. Boston, MA:, 1994.
Immerman, Richard H. The CIA in Guatemala: The Foreign Policy of Intervention. The Brothers: John Foster Dulles, Allen Dulles, and Their Secret World War.
New York:, 2013. Lisagor, Nancy; Lipsius, Frank (1988). New York: William Morrow.; (1994). New York:.
Mosley, Leonard (1978). Dulles: A Biography of Eleanor, Allen, and John Foster Dulles and their Family Network.
New York:., James (1999). Allen Dulles: Master of Spies. Washington, D.C.:. Trento, Joseph John (2001).
The Secret History of the CIA. Roseville, CA:. (2007). New York:.Further reading. (2015).
The Secret War: Spies, Codes and Guerrillas, 1939-1945. London:. Peyrefitte, Alain (2011).
C'etait de Gaulle. Distribooks. Sharp, Tony (2014). (2015).
The Devil's Chessboard: Allen Dulles, the CIA, and the Rise of America's Secret Government. (2013).See also.External links. at. at. atWorks available online.
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atArchival materials. at. at the at. (RAM). Audio recording of a lecture given by Dulles.Government officesNew office1951Succeeded byPreceded by1951–1953Succeeded byPreceded by1953–1961Succeeded.